From the 2000s on, Central Europe has been going through a phase of "strategic awakening", with initiatives like the , or . While the region's economy shows high disparities with regard to income, all Central European countries are listed by the as countries.
The concept of Central Europe, and that of a common , is somewhat elusive. However, scholars assert that a distinct "Central European culture, as controversial and debated the notion may be, exists." It is based on "similarities emanating from historical, social and cultural ", and it is identified as having been "one of the world's richest sources of creative talent" between the 17th and 20th centuries. Cross Currents: A Yearbook of Central European Culture characterizes Central Europe "as an abandoned West or a place where East and West collide". Germany's Permanent Committee on Geographical Names defines Central Europe both as a distinct and a political region. and others argue that Central Europe is defined by being "a part of ", and places the region firmly within .
Central Europe, sometimes referred to as Middle Europe, is a of the lying between the variously defined areas of and . Widespread interest in the region and the term itself resurfaced by the end of the , which had divided politically into East and West, splitting Central Europe in half.
Central Europe according to P. Jones (Leibniz Institute for Regional Geography). Many Central European countries and regions were parts of the and the empires; thus they also have historical and cultural connections.
Central Europe according to (2009) and (1998)
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